Rural communities fear 'data drought' for 18 months despite NBN satellite

Rural communities fear 'data drought' for 18 months despite launch of NBN satellite Sky Muster

Posted October 01, 2015 16:22:40

Frustrated rural internet customers fear it could be 18 months before their substandard services are improved by the National Broadband Network (NBN Co) satellite Sky Muster.

The new half-a-billion-dollar satellite was launched this morning, but due to months of testing will not be commercially available until mid-2016.

Central Queensland farmer Kristy Sparrow said the bush cannot wait that long.

"Businesses are closing and families are moving away from the bush in droves, because they can't access services they need to live there," Ms Sparrow said.

Ms Sparrow has called on NBN Co to do more to improve speeds and lift data limits for those struggling with the congested interim satellite service (ISS), which Sky Muster will replace.

"They oversubscribed it, [they should] come up with a solution to fix it, and fix it now," Ms Sparrow said.

Last year the mother of 13-year-old twins started the Better Internet for Rural Regional and Remote Australia Facebook page to lobby for better services.

"The drought's been catastrophic for most of central Queensland and other parts of Australia. The internet saga's been the straw that broke the camel's back," Ms Sparrow said.

"As far as I'm concerned, we're in a data drought."

Distance education students struggling with rationed gigabytes

Last month the then communications minister Malcolm Turnbull said the ISS, which was established by the previous Labor government, was a complete failure.

To address the congestion on the oversold system NBN Co introduced a fair use policy at the start of the year.

All ISS users had their data plans cut.

Megan Munchenberg from Gregory Downs station in far north Queensland has seen the impact on her two children, who study by school of the air.

In March the station schoolroom's 100 gigabyte plan was halved to 50 gigabytes, then three months later reduced to 45 gigabytes.

"Each child by standard has been recommended that they need 20 gigabytes month each. Currently we have 20 gigabytes for five children," she said.

Despite rationing, the schoolroom cannot make it through the month, and their internet is "shaped", or drastically slowed.

"It's pretty much just turn the computer off and walk away because the ability to do anything is impossible," Ms Munchenberg said.

Telstra Countrywide's decision to un-meter 38 education websites will help Telstra's mobile broadband customers but not those on the ISS.

Ms Munchenberg said families reliant on distance education should be exempt from data limits.

"They need to prioritise the areas where children are learning via distance education ... those families should be prioritised over anybody else," she said.

Families unable to send emails, banking transactions time out

NBN Co's general manager for fixed wireless and satellite, Gavin Williams, said he does not like to hear stories of hardship caused by the ISS.

"It's incredibly humbling when you hear the real world impacts of individuals in the bush just trying to do things that people in the city just take for granted," he said.

"When you can't do a banking transaction because it times out, that a kid has to get up at 5:00am to do a lesson, they're heartbreaking stories."

Mr Williams said there is not much NBN Co can do for rural customers until Sky Muster comes online.

He said when it does, it will be a game changer for 200,000 families.

"It is a revolution in capacity and capability for broadband in the bush," he said.

"It's a $1.8 million investment and it will deliver world class broadband with higher speeds, bigger allowances and a satellite designed from the ground up for people in regional and remote Australia."

National Farmers Federation chief executive Simon Talbot said Sky Muster will allow farmers to fully participate in the digital economy for the first time.

"It's a critical step in resolving the data drought," Mr Talbot said.

"People have been appalled by the Interim Satellite Solution offered by the NBN, which has left families unable to send e-mails, access online learning or manage their finances online."

He said the excitement is tempered with trepidation, as potential users wait for details on what services the new satellite will deliver.

"We users will be subject to lower download limits than those in metropolitan areas. Farmers will be keen to ensure that caps are reasonable, and don't place a handbrake on business or education usage."

Fears that ISS users won't be able to switch over for years

Ms Sparrow said rural people are sceptical.

"The NBN have effectively mismanaged the ISS, why should we be trusting?" she said.

Ms Sparrow said there is an information drought about the new long-term satellite service (LSS) and called on NBN Co to provide more information.

"How much are these families going to be able to access? What data limits? What costs? How long is it going to take to service every family?" she said.

"Is it going to be mid-2016? Late 2016?"

She said she fears it could be several years before all current ISS users are able to switch over.

"They have to actually go and physically put new software and installations on properties. We're talking several years to do that," she said.

NBN Co's corporate affairs manager for Queensland, Kylie Lindsay, dismissed fears it will take that long.

"We're actually planning to migrate all current ISS users across within a year from the service being commercially available," she said.

Ms Sparrow said rural families struggling to do basic farm business banking and educate their children cannot wait until the middle of 2017.

"People deserve to be connected to the internet," she said.

"It's a digital world and there's a digital divide. The interim satellite at least deserves to be fixed until then."

Pip Courtney's full story on the Data Drought is on Landline Sunday at noon.

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Fight between NT businessmen over $5 million loan to head to trial

Legal fight continues between NT developers John 'Foxy' Robinson and Osborne brothers over $5 million loan

Posted October 01, 2015 16:18:46

Three high-profile Darwin developers are in a Northern Territory Supreme Court battle over a multi-million-dollar loan.

Court documents show Centoid Pty Ltd and Trepang Services Pty Ltd, companies associated with developer John 'Foxy' Robinson, lent $5 million to the Osborne Family Holdings, the company of brothers Kerry and Dean Osborne.

The documents show the loan was guaranteed by the Osbornes, who were called upon to pay the loan because Osborne Family Holdings had made no repayments.

Osborne Family Holdings, a company involved in one of Darwin's largest apartment complexes, The Avenue, went into liquidation in August.

Mr Robinson's business ventures include the Wickham Point immigration detention centre, as well as tourism and hotel developments.

Court documents indicate Centoid and Trepang Services demanded the Osbornes pay more than $11 million, which was the original loan amount plus interest.

The documents show interest on the loan was 25 per cent per annum during the first two years, increasing to 35 per cent per year thereafter.

It is also alleged the loan was to be paid back by January 12 this year.

In his summary judgement, Judge Vince Luppino said "there does not appear to be any dispute that the debtor has not paid any amounts to the plaintiffs by way of repayment, whether for principal or interest".

The Northern Territory Supreme Court has ordered the Osborne brothers pay the $5 million to Centoid and Trepang Services, with a trial to be held on the outstanding interest amount of $6 million.

Mr Robinson referred the ABC to his lawyer.

Kerry Osborne told the ABC he was "trying to resolve a few issues with the developer".

Source: http://news.sky.com/

New wave of federally-funded Antarctic scientists begin work in Hobart

New wave of federally-funded Antarctic scientists begin work in Hobart

Updated October 01, 2015 16:17:44

The first wave of a batch of 40 federally-funded Antarctic scientists have begun working in Hobart.

The scientists will eventually be employed under the $24 million Antarctic Gateway Partnership, announced in November last year.

The partnership, a collaboration between the University of Tasmania, the Australian Antarctic Division and the CSIRO, was officially launched in Hobart.

The Director of the Antarctic Division, Nick Gales, said a range of projects were now possible through the three-year funding program.

He said there have already been successes.

"Things like being in front of the Totten Glacier, the largest of East Antarctica's glaciers," Dr Gales said.

"We know it's changing but we don't know why and how much, so by getting a ship down there, and all of the right scientists, we're able to work out that there is warm water coming up from the deepest parts of the ocean that gets underneath the front of the glacier.

"That's really important, to help us model how the glacier might melt in the future, how that interacts with sea level rise."

We have this critical mass, we have all these scientists here, we have all the expertise, we have all the know-how

Dr Steven Phipps, Antarctic Gateway Partnership

Dr Gales said collaboration was the key to research success.

"It's a really important initiative by the Government, because in the end, our ability to understand and research in Antarctica is built on collaborations.

"It's built on being able to do large ambitious projects."

Dr Steven Phipps moved to Tasmania on Monday.

He's a paleo-ice sheet modeller and his position was created under the partnership.

"I'm going to be looking at the history of the Antarctic ice sheet," Dr Phipps said.

"I'm going to look at how it evolves over time.

"Most importantly I'm going to be looking at how changes in the ice sheet affect global sea level."

Dr Phipps said it was critically important for him to be based in Hobart.

"We have this critical mass, we have all these scientists here, we have all the expertise, we have all the know-how."

It was a sentiment shared by the organisations making up the partnership.

"There are more, globally more, scientists who look at marine and Antarctic issues here than anywhere else in the world," Dr Gales said.

"It's on our doorstep, we're part of the Southern Ocean."

Funding 'solidifies' Hobart's reputation for Antarctic research

More than 40 per cent of Australia's marine and Antarctic scientists are based in Tasmania.

Dr Gales said the funding would help solidify Hobart's global reputation for Antarctic research.

"It's a funding initiative that came in at a critically important time.

"It enabled us to continue on through this three-year period, to do the kind of work that's most important to do."

The same Federal Budget that awarded $24 million to the Antarctic Gateway Partnership, cut $111 million from the CSIRO budget and $100 million from the Federal Environment Department, which is responsible for the Australian Antarctic Division.

Source: http://news.sky.com/

High cost, long wait times put rural Australians off going to the doctor: survey

National Health Performance survey: High cost, long wait times put rural Australians off going to the doctor

Posted October 01, 2015 15:58:38

Health experts are concerned that people in regional and rural areas are putting off seeing the doctor due to high costs and long wait times.

More than a third of people in some parts of Australia - mostly in remote and regional parts of Australia - believe they are being forced to wait too long to see a doctor, according to the National Health Performance survey.

That was more than two to three times the rate seen in other parts of the country.

In south-western and south-eastern New South Wales, Tasmania, and the ACT, close to 10 per cent of patients said they delayed going to the doctor because of the cost.

The survey looked at how the Federal Government's 31 Primary Health Networks are coping.

People in the bush tend to be very selfless and [don't] want to get in the way, sometimes to their detriment.

Dr Gerard Carroll, cardiologist

Rural Doctors Association chief executive Jenny Johnson said a trip to the doctor can be very expensive for people in remote areas.

"There's a couple of factors: One is actually driving [a long way] to see their GP, and getting access to their GP in a timely fashion," she said.

"That's problematic, particularly in times of drought where people are financially challenged."

Dr Gerard Carroll, a cardiologist in Wagga Wagga in the Riverina region of southern New South Wales, said some of his rural patients admit to delaying making an appointment.

"People in the bush tend to be very selfless and [don't] want to get in the way, sometimes to their detriment," he said.

"The number of times I see someone and they say, 'Look I didn't want to bother you, I'm sure there are sicker people around'."

Lower ratio of doctors contributes to delay: doctor

A third of people in western New South Wales, country Western Australia and country areas in South Australia, said believe they have to wait too long.

Dr Carroll said increased wait times occur because there are less doctors in regional Australia.

"There have generally been a lower per capita ratio of doctors to patients in rural Australia to metro Australia," he said.

Dr Carroll said that disparity has not been fully addressed by governments.

The Australian Medical Association (AMA) said doctors were doing their best to keep costs and delays to a minimum.

AMA vice president Dr Stephen Parnis said he believes the figures are pretty positive, given that nine out of 10 people say they can afford to go to the doctor.

"When you're talking about single-digit figures for people who say that they are getting in to see a GP, or affording it, that's genuinely a positive thing," Dr Parnis said.

The figures also show that between 10-13 per cent of residents in Brisbane north, northern Queensland, Perth north and south-western Sydney avoided picking up a prescription because they are too expensive.

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Reza Barati murder trial to be reopened to hear from more witnesses

Reza Barati: Judge reopens murder trial to hear from defence witnesses in asylum seeker's death

Updated October 01, 2015 15:58:38

A Papua New Guinea judge has allowed the murder trial of two men accused of killing asylum seeker Reza Barati to be reopened to hear from more witnesses.

Justice Nicholas Kirriwom had reserved his decision in the wilful murder trial of Joshua Kaluvia and Louie Efi on Manus Island after hearing closing submissions on September 29.

They are accused of hitting Mr Barati, causing him to die from a serious head wound on February 17 last year.

The defendants wrote to Justice Kirriwom saying their constitutional right to a fair defence had been breached, because their state-appointed defence lawyer had not called any witnesses other than the defendants themselves.

Justice Kirriwom has ruled that the defence may reopen its case to hear from more witnesses when he returns to Manus Island on November 30.

Kaluvia and Efi both deny allegations they were part of a group of men who attacked Barati during violent protests at the Manus Island detention centre last year.

Kaluvia is alleged to have hit Mr Barati in the head with a piece of wood and Efi to have dropped a large rock on his head.

The PNG police investigator for the case told the court he had evidence implicating expatriate guards, one Australian man and one New Zealander, in Mr Barati's death, but had been unable to secure their return to PNG for questioning.

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Broncos and Cowboys keen to play down grand final pressure ahead of decider

NRL grand final: Brisbane Broncos coach Wayne Bennett and North Queensland coach Paul Green show mutual respect ahead of decider

Updated October 01, 2015 16:21:40

Rival NRL grand final coaches Wayne Bennett and Paul Green have both tried to keep a lid on the hype ahead of Sunday's decider between the Broncos and the Cowboys.

Bennett maintained a business-as-usual approach would be the best way for his Brisbane side to prepare for the all-Queensland grand final, while Green promised to keep things simple in the build-up.

In a jovial joint grand final press conference, mutual respect was traded instead of the usual pre-game barbs as Maroon camaraderie came to the fore.

Aside from the coaches, Queensland representatives Johnathan Thurston, Michael Morgan and Matt Scott were in attendance for the Cowboys, while Justin Hodges, Sam Thaiday and Corey Parker fronted up for Brisbane.

Bennett refused to reveal any of the secrets to his seven consecutive grand final victories, but did say his team just needed to do what it had been doing all season.

"We're playing pretty good football. There'll be pressure out there, it'll be tough for both teams," he said.

"We'll rely on the fact we've been a pretty good team all season."

Bennett did give a nod to the age-old rugby league adage that it is the big boppers up front who decide grand finals.

"The forwards will determine the outcome of the game - the halves can't play without the forwards. We are all in the same boat," he said.

Cowboys coach Green may have vastly less experience than his counterpart, but he denied he or his players would be overwhelmed by the occasion.

"Our experienced blokes have got plenty of big game experience, particularly rep footy," Green said.

"Not grand finals, obviously, but there's not a lot of difference.

"The biggest thing is to keep it simple. what works for you over the years is going to work for you in the big game."

Green said North Queensland had learnt a lot from its 16-12 loss to the Broncos in an intense battle in week one of the finals.

"You take as much from a loss as you do from a win sometimes," he said.

Parker promises a respectful game

Broncos stalwart Parker said friendships would be put on hold for the duration of the game, but the respect would remain.

"We're all good mates, we all respect each other and very close during that Origin period," he said.

"Only difference is we've got different coloured jerseys on."

We're all good mates, we all respect each other and very close during that Origin period.

Corey Parker

Thurston and Hodges have injury concerns ahead of the match, but both waved away any suggestions they would not take part.

Thurston said the Cowboys are well-drilled at travelling large distances to play, even if this week involved the extra distraction of a Dally M Medal win for the brilliant playmaker.

"It's just business as usual for myself and just doing the best part I can for the team," Thurston said.

"We've got structures in place and people around me who do their job and know their role and it's the same for me.

"The club's put things in place for me to recover well along with the rest of the players as well.

"The travel is different for us, the club's really good at making sure we factor all those things in."

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Two people burned in explosion at Adelaide house

Two people with burns after explosion at Dudley Park house, Adelaide emergency authorities say

Updated October 01, 2015 16:02:04

Two people are being treated for burns after an explosion at a house at Dudley Park in Adelaide's inner northern suburbs.

Emergency crews rushed to the premises in Young Street just after 2:00pm.

The Metropolitan Fire Service said a fire was out when crews arrived.

A 23-year-old man and a 20-year-old woman are being treated for burns.

More to come

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Potential policy changes unclear after Turnbull's business summit

Prime Minister's reform summit constructive but participants unable to give details of potential policies

Posted October 01, 2015 15:42:17

The participants in the Prime Minister's reform summit says it was a constructive meeting, but are unable to give details on what the Federal Government will adopt as policy.

Representatives from eight key groups have gathered at Parliament House in Canberra for a three-hour meeting to discuss the nation's economic future and potential structural reform.

However, at a press conference afterwards, none of the participants could give details on potential reforms, nor a timeframe in terms of either a Government response or public discussion.

Australian Council for Social Service chief executive Cassandra Goldie repeated the Government's line that "nothing was off the table", but was unable to confirm any concrete reforms that may come about as a result.

Ms Goldie said she and other stakeholders were encouraged by the meeting, despite failing to reach a consensus on potential tax changes.

"The Prime Minister was very clear in sending a message to us that this process is about a step in an ongoing discussion," she said.

Stakeholders emphasised the need to work more closely with state governments in regards to reforming areas such as stamp duty and land tax.

The Australian Council of Trade Unions' Dave Oliver also cited the need to address the impacts of a rapidly changing and increasingly digital world.

"It's about investing in infrastructure, investing in innovation, it's investing in skills, and we are keen to have a discussion about the changing nature of work as well, and what does it mean," he said.

Kate Carnell from the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry said some ideas to address issues of education and training were discussed, but told media that "we won't talk about [that] until we've worked them up".

Speaking ahead of the summit, Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull told the ABC that everything was on the table.

"We've all got a vested interest in there being an open debate, all things being on the table, nobody assuming that they've got the right answer," he said.

"Of course, at the end of the day, the Government has to make some decisions."

Mr Turnbull said he would not be locked into a timetable for progress, including the release of the tax green paper, saying he was "expeditious but not rash".

"I'm not going to set out a timetable," he said.

"I'm an activist, but I'm a thoughtful and considered activist."

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Man wanted over Bunbury crime spree as police fear offences will escalate

Bunbury police hunt armed robber suspected of crime spree

Updated October 01, 2015 16:33:00

West Australian police are searching for a man wanted over a crime spree in Bunbury, after a shop attendant was threatened with a knife.

The man entered the BP service station on Forrest Avenue in Bunbury around 8:00pm on Wednesday and asked to buy cigarettes.

The two female staff members told the man they had already closed up before he charged at one of them with a small switchblade knife.

CCTV footage showed the man attempting to get money from the till, but the day's takings had already been cleared out and locked away.

The offender then stole a handbag from the staff room but one of the shop attendants tried to stop him as he ran away.

She suffered a small cut to her wrist but did not require medical attention.

Detective Sergeant Karl Perry said the woman's decision to confront the offender was not advisable.

"When you see the footage you'll realise that the staff member, while she acted quite bravely, police would never recommend that anybody try and apprehend an armed offender because the likelihood of getting injured is quite high," he said.

Police believe the man involved in this armed robbery last night was also involved in two other crimes earlier in the day.

We don't know who he is or what his history is but our concern is that he's now using weapons and he's prepared to injure people if necessary to get what he wants

Detective Sergeant Karl Perry, Bunbury Police

That offender entered the Hidden Gem Cafe on Bussel Highway in Gelorup and stole a staff member's handbag from the staff room.

The woman's keys were in the handbag and the offender took off in her car, which was parked outside.

Police said the man drove the stolen car to Celebrations liquor store in Eaton later in the day and stole a large bottle of bourbon and walked away without incident.

The same car, which has the number plate 'EMJ' was used in last night's robbery.

Police hoped members of the public may be able to identify the offender or help locate the car.

Detective Perry said while the first two incidents were not violent, it was alarming that the most recent offence involved a weapon.

"We don't know who he is or what his history is but our concern is that he's now using weapons and he's prepared to injure people if necessary to get what he wants," he said.

"He's fairly brazen; he didn't run, he wasn't scared about getting caught."

The offender was described as dark skinned, around 30 years old, wearing all black clothing, shoes and beanie.

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Hawks not talking three-peat as players enjoy final training

AFL Grand Final: Hawthorn not talking three-peat as players enjoy final training session

Posted October 01, 2015 15:25:50

History beckons Hawthorn when it takes on West Coast in Saturday's AFL grand final but defender Josh Gibson says claiming a third straight flag is the last thing on the players' minds.

Speaking to reporters ahead of the Hawks' final training session on Thursday, Gibson said his side's sole focus was on defeating the Eagles.

"For us it's about finishing off 2015, we've worked so hard to get here and we want to play another good four quarters on grand final day," Gibson said.

"We don't talk about the three-peat.

"Each year you rock up and you put the previous one behind you and focus on having a really good campaign.

We don't talk about the three-peat. Each year you rock up and you put the previous one behind you.

Josh Gibson

"I know that myself and the rest of the group are hungry, we're motivated and driven. This is what we play footy for and it doesn't matter what's happened in the past."

The fitness of Jack Gunston and Luke Hodge has been the big talking point this week but the pair joined their team-mates and moved freely in the 55-minute session held in front of 5,000 fans.

Coach Alastair Clarkson barely had his players move at anything more than half pace but the session was completed without mishap.

Gibson and his team-mates in the back half will have their hands full with the potent Eagles forward line, led by Coleman medalist Josh Kennedy.

James Frawley is the front runner to get the job on Kennedy but Gibson said it would not just be left to the former Demon.

"The key to beating a good forward line is team defence - all six working together," he said.

"You can't just rely on one guy to do the role. Someone will get to start on him but the other five guys that are around will have to help out because he's so dangerous."

AAP

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Eye myths: what is (and isn't) bad for your vision

Eye myths: how to look after your vision

Posted October 01, 2015 15:24:13

Our eyes are our windows to the world. We use them for everything from reading and browsing the internet, to finding our way around and gazing at our loved ones.

But how much do you know about looking after these precious assets? Here we sort fiction from fact when it comes to taking care of your eyes.

Can looking at a computer screen affect your eyesight?

Verdict: Yes, looking at a computer screen a lot may increase your risk of short-sightedness.

Brisbane optometry professor Nathan Efron does not consider computer screens "harmful" to our eyes.

But he admits if you use one a lot, you increase your risk of becoming slightly more short-sighted – where your eyes focus well only on close objects while more distant objects appear blurred. This is especially the case for children and young adults, whose eyes are still developing.

Before you switch off the computer, it's worth noting that doing any close-up work – including reading – will have the same effect on your eyes.

Exactly why the risk increases isn't well understood and two theories have been proposed. First, when we read up close, objects in the peripheral visual field are not perfectly focused, and the eye tries to grow slightly larger to correct this, making you a little more short-sighted. Second, it's thought the constant contraction of eye muscles when we focus up close somehow makes the eyeball more elongated, which again tends to make you more short-sighted.

Read more: Can looking at a computer screen damage your eyes?

Do glasses weaken your eyes?

Verdict: No, your glasses won't weaken your eyes.

If you think your eyesight's become worse since you've started wearing glasses, you're far from alone.

Struggling to focus on printed matter is an unfortunate sign of ageing. Changes to the lens of the eye as you get older mean you have to move the page further and further away before you can see properly. It's called presbyopia and it strikes us all, usually by our mid 40s.

And the truth is many eye conditions, including presbyopia, get worse over time by themselves, specs or no specs.

In other words, it seems harder to read things without your glasses because it is. But it was going to happen anyway, and your glasses aren't to blame.

What your specs have done is got you used to seeing more clearly. So when you take them off, the contrasting blurriness is more noticeable.

Read more: Do glasses weaken your eyes?

Should you avoid rubbing your eyes?

Verdict: Yes, in rare cases it can damage your vision.

For most people, an occasional gentle rub is nothing to worry about, says Professor Charles McMonnies, from the School of Optometry and Vision Science at the University of NSW.

If you rub your eyes too hard, too often, or over a long period of time, you could get into trouble

Prof Charles McMonnies

But if you rub your eyes too hard, too often or over a long period of time, you could get into trouble, says McMonnies, a research optometrist with a special interest in eye rubbing. He says studies show that rubbing causes our eye pressure to spike.

Even a light rub doubles it, he says. Removing eye make-up or wiping away tears increases the pressure a little more. But scrunching up your eyes then using your knuckles to gouge really hard shoots up your eye pressure more than 20 times.

For most of us, our eye pressure returns to normal when we stop rubbing and the temporary blip does no obvious long-term damage. But for those with certain eye conditions, an increase in eye pressure caused by hard, frequent or prolonged rubbing could be more serious.

Hard eye rubbing can also damage the front of the eye. The combination of increased eye pressure and the mechanical damage caused by rubbing can harm the cornea, and in rare cases tear it. More commonly, it's weakened and pushes forward to become more conical, like the pointy end of a rugby ball, a condition known as keratoconus. Again, the damage could be enough to cause significant loss of sight.

Read more: Can you damage your eyes if you rub them?

Does reading in dim light damage your eyes?

Verdict: Not likely, but reading too much in general can affect your sight.

We've all been there – so engrossed in a good book you don't want to stop reading, despite poor light.

But this is unlikely to permanently damage your eyes, says Brisbane optometry professor Nathan Efron. It's true you'll probably find it more comfortable to read in good light, but there's no evidence low light causes any permanent harm.

The most likely outcome is temporary "eye strain" – a discomfort we attribute to our eyes, but which has no known physiological cause, Efron says.

"People will say they've got tired eyes, burning eyes, strained eyes. But the problem might not actually be in the eyes. It might be caused by the muscles around the eye, the brow and so on. We don't really know."

But any eye strain should disappear within a day or so (at most).

Read more: Does reading in dim light damage your eyesight?

Do your sunnies need to have an SPF?

Verdict: Yes, it's important to have sunglasses that protect your eyes from damaging ultraviolet radition.

Like your skin, your eyes are susceptible to both short term and long term effects of harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, says Cancer Council Australia's Skin Cancer Committee chair Louise Baldwin.

"The most common short-term impact of UV exposure to the eye is acute photo keratopathy, which is like sunburn of the cornea and can cause inflammation," she explains.

"Long-term exposure to UV radiation can result in more serious damage to the eyes, including squamous cell cancers on the surface of the eye and skin cancer around the eyes. It can also cause cataracts, damage to the retina and climatic droplet keratopathy (cloudiness of the cornea)."

When it comes to choosing sunnies that are going to best protect your eyes, what matters is the UV radiation-absorbing properties of the plastic material used in the lenses of a pair of sunglass.

"Of the five categories of lenses (0-4) it's best to pick a pair with a rating of 2 or above to guarantee sufficient UV protection," she says.

Read more: Not just eye candy: which sunglasses protect your eyes?

Do kids need to wear sunglasses?

Verdict: Yes, children also need to protect their eyes from sun damage.

We're told we should always make sure our kids are wearing a shirt, hat and sunscreen before they go outside. But do they really need to slide on shades as well?

Dr Michael Jones, paediatric eye specialist at the Children's Hospital at Westmead and the Sydney Eye Hospital, says kids definitely need to wear sunglasses while they are outside.

In fact, wearing sunglasses as a youngster can help protect against the most common eye conditions that develop later in life.

We tend to forget that a lot of our sun exposure happens when we are children, when we spend a lot of time outdoors in direct sunlight, Jones says.

UV light from the sun is a form of radiation and it can damage cells in the eye.

While there's no evidence that children's eyes are more susceptible to UV light than adults', the longer eyes are exposed to these harmful rays without protection, the more damage they accumulate.

Read more: Do kids need to wear sunglasses?

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Repeat drug offender Andrew Pham jailed for 16 years

Repeat drug offender Andrew Pham sentenced to 16 years' jail

Posted September 23, 2015 13:40:49

A Brisbane judge has sentenced a repeat drug trafficker to 16 years' jail labelling him a "danger to society" with "no intention of changing".

Andrew Pham, 33, pleaded guilty in the Supreme Court to a string of offences relating to the trafficking and possession of methamphetamine, heroin, cocaine and MDMA over a six month period in 2013.

He was arrested following a police operation targeting the supply of drugs in Brisbane's south.

Police found a black suitcase at a Runcorn address which contained a number of drugs including more than two kilograms of methamphetamine worth more than $700,000.

Pham's DNA was found on a hand towel on top of the drugs.

The court heard Pham was picked up through telephone intercepts and identified as being a supplier through a New South Wales syndicate which had a number of couriers who brought drugs into Queensland.

Teenage brother recruited

When Pham went overseas in July 2013, he recruited his family members including his 17-year-old brother, who had no criminal history at the time.

Justice David Boddice told the court this showed the sophistication of the business and Pham's persistent nature.

Defence lawyer Mal Harrison said his client was "clearly someone addicted to drugs" and tendered a psychiatric report showing a history of depression.

But Justice Boddice told the court it was clear Pham was out to make money.

"I accept that you were a drug user yourself, I accept that you have a longstanding addiction but there is no doubt you engaged in this activity for profit," he said.

Justice Boddice said a previous drug conviction and lengthy jail term had taught Pham nothing as he continued to re-offend while on parole.

"You are not a person who is affected in your conduct by personal deterrents," he said.

"Your prospects of rehabilitation are poor because you have shown scant regard for court orders in the past.

"You need a very significant sentence."

Pham is required to serve at least 80 per cent of his 16-year sentence.

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Comanchero boss, former army sniper 'used violence' to recover drug debts

Mildura Comanchero boss Joshua Faulkhead pleads guilty to drug offences, blackmail

Posted September 23, 2015 13:34:35

A former Australian army sniper-turned bikie gang leader used threats and violence to recover drug debts in north-west Victoria, a court has heard.

Mildura Comanchero's boss Joshua Faulkhead pleaded guilty to charges related to trafficking of the drugs ice, cocaine and ecstasy, as well as blackmail and causing injury.

The Victorian County Court heard that Faulkhead was a former sniper who served with the Australian Defence Force in Afghanistan and East Timor, and later as a private security contractor in Iraq.

He moved back to his home town of Mildura in 2013, where he was ranked fourth in the Comanchero's local chapter, but later became the head of its drug trade.

The court heard he forced rival drug suppliers out of the market and used threats and violence to recover debts.

The drug syndicate used a modified van that had compartments to hide drugs and guns, which travelled every two weeks between Sydney and Mildura.

Faulkhead was arrested with five other men in January 2014 after large-scale drug raids in the Mildura region.

The hearing before Judge Michael Bourke continues.

Source: http://news.sky.com/

NT waste company released oil into storm drain

Northern Territory Recycling Solutions pleads guilty to releasing oil into Darwin storm drains

Posted September 23, 2015 13:28:03

The Northern Territory's largest waste management and recycling business has pleaded guilty to releasing oil and other contaminants into Darwin's storm drain system.

The Darwin Magistrates Court heard contaminants including degreasers from NT Recycling Solutions' site in the suburb of Winnellie entered the storm drain system from the facility's interceptor in March last year.

The interceptor is designed to remove hydrocarbon petroleum from stormwater.

The court heard the a subsequent investigation and clean-up by the NT Environment Protection Authority (EPA) cost $15,000.

The oil had the potential to cause significant harm to animals and the environment in Darwin Harbour and the Charles Darwin National Park, the court heard.

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Adelaide Zoo's pandas like 'white elephants'

Adelaide Zoo's pandas like 'white elephants' politician tells NZ parliament

Posted September 23, 2015 13:21:15

Adelaide Zoo's giant pandas have been likened to white elephants during debate in New Zealand's parliament.

The country's prime minister John Key suggested making a deal with China to bring pandas to Wellington Zoo, in exchange for some of the country's emblematic kiwis.

The NZ Herald reported Mr Key was impressed with the visitor response to Adelaide Zoo's breeding pair Fu Ni and Wang Wang.

But NZ opposition leader Andrew Little repeatedly mocked Mr Key during question time.

"Does he know that when Adelaide Zoo got pandas, the increase in visitor numbers was temporary, and costs were so high the zoo had to be bailed out by the Government?" he asked.

"You could say that the pandas turned out to be white elephants.

"How many of the 50,000 extra unemployed people under his watch, will be employed at the $NZ10 million panda palace that will be required to house the pandas?

"Is spending a quarter of a million dollars a year on bamboo for pandas, while schools dig deep to feed kids, keeping with his commitment to 'focus on what matters'?"

Mr Key said the campaign to bring pandas to New Zealand was an effort led by the Wellington City Council.

"The government would consider helping with the cost, but it wouldn't be a massive amount, and it's not even known yet whether any pandas could be obtained," Mr Key said.

"Some work was done a few years ago on the potential of bringing pandas to New Zealand, because of their ability to draw visitors to the cities they are in.

"As minister for tourism I think they'd be most welcome to Wellington."

It is widely believed that bringing the pandas to Adelaide partly caused the Adelaide Zoo to incur debts of $24 million, leading to a State Government bailout.

Initially the zoo reported visitor numbers to the $8 million enclosure had jumped by 70 per cent.

Zoos SA chief executive Elaine Bensted recently said the pandas were still very popular and there was a good chance they would stay beyond the end of a 10-year loan in 2019.

Adelaide's giant panda Fu Ni is back on public display after an artificial insemination procedure during her annual breeding window.

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Tasmania Government 're-hiring redundant workers' to fight fires

Tasmanian Government accused of-re-hiring redundant forestry workers to fight summer fires

Posted September 23, 2015 13:19:02

The Tasmanian Opposition has accused the Government of re-hiring forestry workers who had been made redundant as firefighting casuals.

Earlier in the year, the state-owned Forestry Tasmania (FT) was restructured, which involved significant job cuts and fuelled fears of losing staff with firefighting skills.

Labor leader Bryan Green also told Parliament firefighters who had lost their jobs were among those being re-hired for the upcoming season.

He said it was not an economically viable approach.

"We now know that staff are being re-employed as casuals for the approaching fire season, because of the serious concerns about FTs ability to fight fires," he told Parliament.

"Minister, is it not now clear for all to see your incompetence and hands-off approach to the challenges facing Forestry Tasmania, are now coming back to bite you?

"Minister, isn't it a fact that you are making skilled workers redundant and then re-employing them is a false economy?"

Resources Minister Paul Harriss attacked the Opposition leader and denied any re-hiring from the latest redundancies.

"The great revisionist historian himself seeks to re-write the history by his own question, and suggests all of these fallacious things, which run around in his mind about his suggestion about the destruction of Forestry Tasmania," he said.

He disputes the claim that employees were being re-hired from the most recent round of redundancies after the restructure this year.

But he confirmed former workers have been approached.

"Forestry Tasmania has been in contact with retirees and former employees who were not part of the recent redundancy program, to see if they are available for firefighting duties over summer," he said in a statement.

Source: http://news.sky.com/

VIDEO: Amazing somersault touchdown for Newton

Source: http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/

VIDEO: Highlights - Celtic 6-0 Dundee

Source: http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/

Egypt's president swears in new government, keeps key ministers

Egypt's president Abdel Fattah al-Sisi swears in new government, keeps ministers in key posts

Posted September 19, 2015 17:43:52

Egyptian president Abdel Fattah al-Sisi has kept his finance, investment and interior ministers in a new government sworn in today as he tries to rebuild an economy battered by Islamist militant violence.

Mr Sisi named former head of the state oil company Tarek al-Mullah as petroleum minister, charged with easing the country's energy crisis and attracting more foreign investment in a strategic sector, state news agency MENA reported.

Mr Mullah succeeds Sherif Ismail, seen as one of the best performing ministers, who became prime minister.

The new government faces a multitude of challenges.

The Islamic State terrorist group, which seized large parts of Iraq and Syria, has gained the backing of the most active militant group in Egypt, the recently renamed Sinai Province.

Militants have stepped up attacks on Egyptian soldiers and police since the army toppled Islamist president Mohamed Morsi in 2013 after mass protests against his rule.

Hundreds have been killed in bombing and shooting attacks.

Egypt is struggling to get large volumes of foreign investment after years of political turmoil triggered by the 2011 uprising that toppled autocrat Hosni Mubarak, even though Mr Sisi's economic reforms have won praise.

Reuters

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Critic of Malaysia's PM prevented from travelling to US to lodge complaint

Critic of Malaysia's PM, Khairuddin Abu Hassan, prevented from travelling to US to lodge complaint

Posted September 19, 2015 16:49:10

A former senior member of Malaysia's ruling party says authorities prevented him from boarding a flight bound for New York, where he planned to lodge a complaint with police against indebted state investor 1Malaysia Development Bhd (1MDB).

Khairuddin Abu Hassan has already lodged complaints in Switzerland and Hong Kong regarding banking activity involving 1MDB, which has been linked to various individuals under investigation in Switzerland for suspected corruption.

Mr Khairuddin said on his official Facebook page that immigration officials prevented him from leaving on orders from Malaysian police, who later asked him to report to Kuala Lumpur's police headquarters on Monday at 11:00am local time (1:00pm AEST).

"Just now when I asked during a conversation with the investigating officer, he confirmed that I will be questioned by the police for handing in evidence related to the 1MDB scandal to the Swiss attorney-general's chambers," Mr Khairuddin wrote.

Mr Khairuddin, immigration authorities and the police did not respond to telephone calls and emails seeking comment. 1MDB declined to comment.

In July, the Wall Street Journal reported that 1MDB transferred $US700 million ($975 million) into bank accounts of prime minister Najib Razak.

Mr Najib, who chairs 1MDB's advisory board, denied taking money from 1MDB for personal gain.

The country's anti-graft agency declared the funds a donation, while the prime minister has faced anti-government protests and calls to step down.

In February, Mr Najib's United Malays National Organisation ousted Mr Khairuddin from the party after he was declared bankrupt.

Mr Khairuddin has since travelled to several countries to campaign against Mr Najib and 1MDB, which has more than $US11 billion ($15 billion) in debt.

Mr Khairuddin is not the first person to say he had been prevented from leaving the country.

In July, opposition lawmakers Tony Pua and Rafizi Ramli who had been critical of 1MDB said they had been barred without reason from travelling.

On Tuesday, Switzerland's federal prosecutor said Malaysia had agreed to arrange for Swiss officials to interview witnesses in their investigation of alleged money laundering and corruption related to 1MDB.

Reuters

Source: http://news.sky.com/

VW charged with making cars designed to evade pollution controls

Volkswagen charged with making cars designed to evade government pollution controls, recall urged

Updated September 19, 2015 17:00:00

US regulators have charged Volkswagen with manufacturing vehicles designed to evade government pollution controls, and called on the German auto giant to urgently recall and fix nearly 500,000 cars.

Volkswagen could face an $US18 billion ($25 billion) penalty over the software made to meet clean-air standards during official emissions testing but which would intentionally turn off during normal operations, regulators said.

As a result, the diesel cars emit greater-than-allowed quantities of pollution linked to smog and various health ills.

"Using a defeat device in cars to evade clean-air standards is illegal and a threat to public health," said Cynthia Giles, assistant administrator for the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Both the EPA and the California Air Resources Board have launched investigations into the matter. The EPA also referred the case to the US Department of Justice.

Potential civil penalties under the Clean Air Act could be as much as $US37,500 per car, or more than $US18 billion.

The origin of the case was a report last year by the International Council for Clean Transportation and West Virginia University that documented elevated emissions from some Volkswagen cars.

The cars in question could emit as much as 40 times the legal standard of nitrogen oxide, the EPA said.

VW admits it designed and installed 'defeat device': EPA

When regulators initially raised the issue with Volkswagen, the automaker blamed the elevated pollution on "various technical issues and unexpected in-use conditions", EPA said in the violation order.

Volkswagen in December last year initiated a voluntary recall of about 500,000 cars. Regulators broadened their probe when the cars continued to pump out excess emissions after the recall, despite showing some improvement, the California board said.

At that point, regulators told Volkswagen that they would not approve the automaker's 2016 models "until VW could adequately explain the anomalous emissions and ensure the agencies that the 2016 model year vehicles would not have similar issues", the EPA said.

"Only then did VW admit it had designed and installed a defeat device in these vehicles in the form of a sophisticated software algorithm that detected when a vehicle was undergoing emissions testing," it said.

California regulators said they would continue to probe the matter.

"Our goal now is to ensure that the affected cars are brought into compliance, to dig more deeply into the extent and implications of Volkswagen's efforts to cheat on clean air rules, and to take appropriate further action," said Richard Corey, executive officer at the California Air Resources Board.

A Department of Justice spokesman declined comment.

Volkswagen said it had received notice of an investigation "related to certain emissions compliance matters" from the EPA, the California board and the Justice Department.

"VW is cooperating with the investigation; we are unable to comment further at this time," it said.

The allegations cover 482,000 diesel models of Volkswagen Jetta, Beetle and Golf for 2009-2015 and the Audi A3 for the same years.

The action also affects the Volkswagen Passat for 2014-2015.

The EPA said it is "incumbent on Volkswagen to initiate the process that will fix the cars' emissions".

AFP

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Police cordon off Adelaide business after window found smashed

Police cordon off Paralowie business after window found smashed

Posted September 19, 2015 10:24:29

Police cordoned off an Adelaide business in the early hours of Saturday to investigate whether an offender was still inside.

They went to the premises in Waterloo Corner Road at Paralowie, in Adelaide's northern suburbs, about 3:50am after a break-in was reported.

Police found a front window had been smashed and set up a cordon while a police dog went inside with officers.

A thorough search of the premises found no-one and police said they did not yet know if anything had been stolen.

Crime scene investigators will make a further check of the building during the day.

Also at Paralowie, staff at a service station were threatened by a masked offender with a knife.

Police were called to the premises at the corner of Port Wakefield and Bolivar Roads just before 11:00pm on Friday.

They said a stocky man about 170cm tall and in a blue surgical mask threatened staff and fled with cash.

He was dressed in a green hooded top, black pants and white sneakers.

Anyone who can help police with either investigation is asked to contact CrimeStoppers on 1800 333 000 or online.

Two arrested over taxi driver's assault

In Adelaide's southern suburbs, police arrested two men after a taxi driver was assaulted and robbed.

Police allege the men were passengers in the taxi when its driver was attacked in Marion Road at Mitchell Park just after 1:00am.

The driver was treated in hospital for facial injuries.

Police said charges were expected to be laid against the two men, from Glengowrie and Morphettville.

Source: http://news.sky.com/

Trump under fire for failure to rebut anti-Muslim backer

Donald Trump under fire for failure to rebut anti-Muslim backer

Updated September 19, 2015 10:27:42

Democratic presidential candidates have slammed Donald Trump for failing to challenge a questioner who wrongly claimed president Barack Obama was a Muslim and not a US citizen.

The campaign trail exchange triggered the latest uproar over the Republican frontrunner's regard for minorities in America and prompted at least one Republican White House hopeful to say he would have corrected the man immediately.

"We have a problem in this country, it's called Muslims," an unidentified man told Mr Trump at the billionaire real estate magnate's campaign stop late Thursday in Rochester, New Hampshire.

"We know our current president is one, you know he's not even an American."

Mr Trump chuckled and interrupted him to say: "We need this question. This is the first question."

The man resumed: "Anyway, we have training camps growing where they want to kill us. That's my question: When can we get rid of them?"

Mr Trump responded: "A lot of people are saying that, and a lot of people are saying that bad things are happening out there."

Mr Trump quickly moved on to another questioner, without addressing the man's assertions about Mr Obama — which reflect a lingering misconception among the American public.

While Mr Trump did not himself address Mr Obama's religion or citizenship on Thursday, his failure to shut down the questioner highlighted a propensity to court controversy when it comes to minorities and immigrants.

When he launched his campaign in June he attacked Mexican immigrants as "rapists" and killers, and has repeatedly denigrated foreign nationals who enter the country and give birth to so-called "anchor babies" entitled to claim US citizenship.

Thursday's exchange prompted outrage from Democrats and demands for an apology.

Democratic frontrunner Hillary Clinton tweeted that Mr Trump's failure to denounce the "hateful rhetoric about Muslims is disturbing, & just plain wrong. Cut it out".

Media making issue over Trump's response: campaign manager

Mr Trump's campaign manager Corey Lewandowski said his candidate did not hear the question about Mr Obama's religion.

"All he heard was a question about training camps, which he said we have to look into," Mr Lewandowski told CNN.

"The media want to make this an issue about Obama, but it's about him waging a war on Christianity."

Mr Trump was due to attend a presidential candidate forum in South Carolina on Friday, but his campaign abruptly cancelled his appearance, citing delays to a "significant business transaction".

Democratic Party chairwoman Debbie Wasserman Schultz, a congresswoman from Florida, blasted Thursday's incident as "horrendous but unfortunately unsurprising".

Bernie Sanders, the liberal US senator challenging Clinton for the Democratic nomination, demanded Trump "apologise to the president and American people for continuing the lie that the president is not an American and not a Christian".

Most of the 16 Republican presidential candidates remained publicly silent on the issue as of midday on Friday, but New Jersey governor Chris Christie spoke out.

"If somebody at one of my town hall meetings said something like that I would correct them and say 'no, the president's a Christian and he was born in this country," Mr Christie told NBC.

Republican nominee John McCain notably did just that on the 2008 campaign trail when he was confronted by a supporter who worried that Mr Obama was "an Arab", and his handling of the situation earned wide praise.

"No ma'am. He's a decent family man and citizen who I just happen to have disagreements with on fundamental issues, and that's what this campaign is all about," Mr McCain said at the time, taking the microphone away from the woman.

In 2011 Mr Trump repeatedly called into question Mr Obama's citizenship and demanded the president release his birth certificate to prove he was not born in Kenya, as many in the fringe "birther" movement suspect.

Mr Obama, who was born in Hawaii, released the document, but Mr Trump continued to express scepticism about it.

Many Americans remain sceptical too. According to a recent CNN/ORC poll, 29 per cent of Americans believe Mr Obama is a Muslim, with that number rising to 43 per cent among Republicans.

Concerns about anti-Muslim sentiment in the United States flared this week after a Muslim teen was arrested at his Texas school when a teacher mistook his homemade clock for a bomb.

The boy won a surge of public support, and Mr Obama has invited the 14-year-old to the White House.

AFP

Source: http://news.sky.com/

William Tyrrell's disappearance referred to Coroner's Court

William Tyrrell: Police refer case of NSW toddler's disappearance to Coroner's Court

Posted September 19, 2015 10:21:49

The disappearance of New South Wales toddler William Tyrrell has been referred to the Coroner's Court, but police say the investigation is continuing in the belief he is alive.

A spokesperson for the NSW Coroner's Court said there had been no formal request for an inquest and the police investigation into William's fate was ongoing.

William, who would now be four years old, was last seen at his grandmother's home at Kendall, near Port Macquarie, on the mid-north coast a year ago.

The toddler was wearing a Spider-Man suit and had been playing with his sister in the driveway.

The home on Benaroon Drive is located near bushland at the end of a cul-de-sac.

After an extensive search, it is now thought William was taken rather than him wandering off and getting lost.

He had been in the small town for less than 24 hours.

Police said the referral of William's disappearance to the coroner was in line with standard protocol for this kind of matter.

"As has been previously stated, police will continue their inquiries in the belief William is possibly still alive," a NSW police statement said.

Last Saturday, thousands took part in a memorial walk across the country to mark one year since William disappeared.

A forensic profiler revealed last week that the kidnapping was an opportunistic crime and the person police suspect may have abducted the toddler would have had to have another reason to be at the scene.

Source: http://news.sky.com/